Structural classification of choledochoscope
1. Hard choledochoscopy: It can only be used for choledochoscopy and treatment during surgery. 2. Soft choledochoscopy (fibrous…
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1. Patients with short postoperative time and no firm sinuses formed around the biliary drainage tube.
2. Cirrhotic ascites and obvious hypoproteinemia.
3. Patients with obvious coagulation dysfunction.
4. Patients with severe cardiopulmonary insufficiency.
5. Long-term use of hormones.
6. Severe diabetes.
7. Severe malnutrition.